Santa Clara Foot and Ankle Surgery Residency Program

At the Kaiser Santa Clara Foot and Ankle Surgery Residency Program, residents are expected to develop and execute an original research project, culminating in at least one manuscript of publishable quality during their three years of residency training. Participation in additional projects and writing case presentations is strongly encouraged. With the guidance of knowledgeable and experienced attendings and the assistance of Kaiser Division of Research, research can be an educational and deeply rewarding experience.

Residency Publications, Presentations, and Research

Published Articles

Select Publications

To A, Folck B, Balani E. Outcomes of Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer After Implementation of a Wound Care Clinic within a Podiatry Department. [In press at the Journal of Lower Limb Wound Care, December 2025]

Tong KP, Zhang H, Dong H, Yang J, Bowlby MA. Incidence of Acute and Subacute Deep Infection in Patients Undergoing Ankle Fracture Open Reduction with Internal Fixation and Associated Risk Factors. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2025 Nov 25:S1067-2516(25)00341-2. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2025.11.016. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41308822.

Tong KP, O’Connor A, Tischler S, Bowlby MA. A Case of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in the Metatarsal Bone. [In press at the Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association, 2024]

Weinraub GM, Vijayakumar A. Arthroscopy for Traumatic Ankle Injuries. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 2023 Jul;40(3):529-537. doi: 10.1016/j.cpm.2022.12.003. Epub 2023 Feb 16. PMID: 37236689.

Ivanova V, Todd NW, Yurgelon J. Dance-Related Foot and Ankle Injuries and Pathologies. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 2023 Jan;40(1):193-207. doi: 10.1016/j.cpm.2022.07.013. Epub 2022 Oct 19. PMID: 36368843.

Weinraub GM, Newport I, Kim BK, Zhu S, Patel S. Outcomes Following Open Reduction Internal Fixation of Ankle Fractures (ORIF) By Podiatric Surgeons. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2021 Sep-Oct;60(5):960-963. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2021.04.004. Epub 2021 Apr 11. PMID: 34011454. *Awarded ACFAS 1^st place manuscript award

David MS, Weinraub GM. Calcaneovalgus and congenital vertical talus. The Pediatric Foot and Ankle: Diagnosis and Management. 2020:163-8.

Weinraub GM, David MS. Sinus Tarsi Approach with Subcutaneously Delivered Plate Fixation for Displaced Intra-Articular Calcaneal Fractures. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 2019 Apr;36(2):225-231. doi: 10.1016/j.cpm.2018.10.005. Epub 2019 Jan 24. PMID: 30784533.

Shi E, Jex M, Patel S, Garg J. Outcomes of Wound Healing and Limb Loss After Transmetatarsal Amputation in the Presence of Peripheral Vascular Disease. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2019 Jan;58(1):47-51. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2018.07.004. PMID: 30583781.

Shi E, Carter R, Weinraub GM. Outcomes of Hindfoot Arthrodesis Supplemented With Bioactive Glass and Bone Marrow Aspirate: A Retrospective Radiographic Study. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2019 Jan;58(1):2-5. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2018.03.048. Epub 2018 Oct 10. PMID: 30316643.

Weinraub GM, Levine P, Shi E, Flowers A. Comparison of Medial Malleolar Fracture Healing at 8 Weeks After Open Reduction Internal Fixation Versus Percutaneous Fixation: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2017 Mar-Apr;56(2):277-281. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2016.11.003. Epub 2017 Jan 10. PMID: 28087232.

Research Presentations

Residents in our program may present one project multiple times (e.g., as a work in progress, again after completing a sub-analysis, etc.) until all data are obtained and final analyses are complete.

Abstract/Poster Presentations

Hooshivar L, Wang T, Lickiss JA, Schneider ML, Bowlby MA. Outcomes following operative versus non-operative treatment of Acute Jones Fractures. Poster presented at American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons (ACFAS) Annual Scientific Conference in Las Vegas, Nevada, February 2026.

Mariano C, Abjelina K, Figueroa R, Khurana P, Hayano T, Bailowitz Z. Ultrasound-guided Percutaneous Needling with Prolotherapy for Treatment of Chronic Achilles Tendinopathy. Poster presented at American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons (ACFAS) Annual Scientific Conference in Las Vegas, Nevada, February 2026.

Virtual posters presented at KPNC SCOPE Conference, April 2025

Xu L. Retrospective analysis on the outcomes of patients who had native septic foot and ankles.
Herman C, Hayano T. Ultrasound imaging of Achilles tendon ruptures treated non-surgically to determine the impact of tendon gap size on patient outcome.
Tran T, Stram D, Schnieder M, Bowlby MA. Effect of tibial sesamoid position on patient functional outcome scores after distal chevron osteotomy.
To A, Balani E, Folck B. Outcomes after implementing a wound care clinic within a podiatry department.
Hoque T. Impact of vitamin K antagonist warfarin, on fracture healing.
Mariano C, Hoque T. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous needling with prolotherapy for treatment of chronic Achilles tendinopathy.
Huynh S. Effects of systemic inflammatory diseases on long-term outcomes of talar microfracture surgery.
Tong KP, Bowlby MA. Incidence of Acute and Subacute Deep Infection in Patients Undergoing Ankle Fracture Open Reduction with Internal Fixation and Associated Risk Factors.

Hoque T, Fink D, O’Connor A, Bowlby MA. Impacts of Vitamin K Antagonist Warfarin on Ankle Fracture Healing. Poster presented at American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons (ACFAS) Annual Scientific Conference in Phoenix, Arizona, March 2025.

*Tong KP, Zhang H, Dong H, Yang J, Bowlby MA. Ankle Open Reduction With Internal Fixation Infection Rates and Associated Risk Factors. Manuscript presented at American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons (ACFAS) Annual Scientific Conference in Phoenix, Arizona, March 2025. *Honorable mention award

Tran T, Stram D, Schneider M. The effect of changes in tibial sesamoid position on patient outcome scores after distal chevron osteotomies for bunion correction. Poster presented at American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons (ACFAS) Annual Scientific Conference in Phoenix, Arizona, March 2025.

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Lin JC, Yoon LS, Patel S, Garg JX, Liu CM. Quantifying the Amount of Blood Flow Needed to Heal a Transmetatarsal Amputation. Poster presented at American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons (ACFAS) Annual Scientific Conference in Chicago, Illinois, February 2019.

Yin AX, Limcaoco PC, Xu RH, Tucker LY. The Effect of Cortisone Injections on COVID-19 Risk, Morbidity, and Mortality in Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Conditions. Poster presented at the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine Annual Meeting in Austin, Texas, April 2022.

Virtual posters presented at KPNC SCOPE Conference, March 2023

Ivanova V, Stram D, Lickiss J. A Retrospective Analysis of Synovial Fluid in Hematogenous Septic Arthritis in the Foot and Ankle.
Kumaravel S, Lin JC, Yoon LS, Patel S, Garg JX. Quantifying the Amount of Blood Flow Needed to Heal a Transmetatarsal Amputation.
Limcaoco PC, Hayano T, Patel S. Retrospective review of nonoperative treatment of Achilles tendon rupture involving a functional rehabilitation program.
To A, Block L, Bowlby MA, Balani E. Has the implementation of a podiatry wound care clinic, within a podiatry department, further reduced the rate of emergency department (ED) visits and higher-level complications related to adult diabetic foot ulcerations at a tertiary medical center?
Tong KP, O’Connor A, Tischler SK, Bowlby M. A Case of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma in the Foot.
Vijayakumar A, Stram D, Schneider M. The effect of changes in tibial sesamoid position on patient outcome scores after distal chevron osteotomies for bunion correction.
Zhang H, Tong KP, Bowlby MA, Dong H. Ankle Open Reduction With Internal Fixation Infection Rates and Associated Risk Factors.

Zhang H, Tong KP, Bowlby MA, Dong H. Ankle Open Reduction With Internal Fixation Infection Rates and Associated Risk Factors. Poster presented at American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons (ACFAS) Annual Scientific Conference in Tampa, Florida, February 2024.

Virtual posters presented at KPNC SCOPE Conference, April 2024

Herman C, Hayano T, Patel S. Using ultrasound to track healing of Achilles tendon ruptures treated non-surgically with early functional rehabilitation.
Hooshivar L, Bowlby M, Lickiss J, Schneider M. Outcomes following operative versus non-operative treatment of Acute Jones Fractures. *Awarded “Best Cool Idea”
Hoque T, Diep J, Hayano T, Bailowitz Z. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous needling with prolotherapy for treatment of chronic Achilles tendinopathy.
Limcaoco P. Case Report: High-Pressure injection injury in the foot.
To A, Block L, Bowlby MA, Balani E. Has the implementation of a podiatry wound care clinic, within a podiatry department, further reduced the rate of emergency department (ED) visits and higher-level complications related to adult diabetic foot ulcerations at a tertiary medical center?
Tran T, Knueppel R, Alexander J, Flores JP, Neagu C. Comparison of Wound Swab and Tissue Biopsy at Bedside vs. Intraoperative in Guiding Antibiotic Treatment for Diabetic Foot Infections.
Vijayakumar A, Stram D, Schneider M. The effect of changes in tibial sesamoid position on patient outcome scores after distal chevron osteotomies for bunion correction.
Zhang H, Tong KP, Bowlby MA, Dong H. Ankle Open Reduction With Internal Fixation Infection Rates and Associated Risk Factors. *Awarded “Best Completed Project”

Kaiser Foot & Ankle Summit

Kaiser Permanente Northern California Foot and Ankle Summit Research Presentations

2025

Tran T. Impact of Pre-operative ADTA and LDTA on the Progression of Peri Talar Arthritis Following Total Ankle Arthroplasty.
*Tran T. Effect of tibial sesamoid position on patient functional outcome scores after distal chevron osteotomy. *Awarded 1st place oral presentation
Xu L. Retrospective analysis on the outcomes of patients who had native septic foot and ankles.
Huynh S. Effects of Systemic Inflammatory Diseases on the Long-Term Outcomes of Talar Microfracture Surgery.
Herman C. Ultrasound imaging of Achilles tendon ruptures treated non-surgically to determine the impact of tendon gap size on patient outcome.

2024

Hooshivar, L. Outcomes following operative versus non-operative treatment of Acute Jones Fractures.
To, A. Outcomes of Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer After Implementation of a Wound Care Clinic within a Podiatry Department. *Honorable mention
Tran, T. Biopsy at Bedside vs. Intraoperative in Guiding Antibiotic Treatment for Diabetic Foot Infections.
Zhang, H. Incidence of Acute and Subacute Deep Infection in Patients Undergoing Ankle Fracture Open Reduction with Internal Fixation and Associated Risk Factors. *Awarded 1^st place oral presentation

2023

O’Connor, A. Impact of Vitamin K Antagonist Warfarin on Ankle Fracture Healing.
Tong, KP. A Case of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in the Metatarsal Bone.
*Ivanova, V. A Retrospective Analysis of Synovial Fluid in Hematogenous Septic Arthritis in the Native Foot and Ankle. *Awarded 1^st place oral presentation
Limcaoco, P. Incidence of COVID-19 Disease, Hospitalizations, and Death in Patients Receiving Lower Extremity Corticosteroid Joint Injections for Musculoskeletal Conditions.
Hoque, T, Diep, J. Percutaneous Needling with Prolotherapy in Treating Chronic Achilles Tendinopathy.
Vijayakumar, A. The Effect of Tibial Sesamoid Position on Patient Outcome Scores After Bunion Surgery.

2022

Kim, B. Outcomes of Talar Microfracture Surgery and Predictors of Failure.
O’Connor, A. Impact of Vitamin K Antagonist Warfarin on Ankle Fracture Healing.
Vijayakumar, A. The Effect of Tibial Sesamoid Position on Patient Outcome Scores After Bunion Surgery.
Zhang, H. Ankle Open Reduction with Internal Fixation Infection Rates and Associated Risk Factors.
Limcaoco, P. Using ultrasound to track Achilles tendon rupture healing with nonoperative treatment with early functional rehabilitation.
Ivanova, V. Has the implementation of a podiatry wound care clinic, within a podiatry department, further reduced the rate of emergency department (ED) visits and higher-level complications related to adult diabetic foot ulcerations at a tertiary medical center?

2021

Kim, B. Outcomes Following Open Reduction Internal Fixation of Ankle Fractures (ORIF) By Podiatric Surgeons.
O’Connor, A. Outcomes of Talar Microfracture Surgery and Predictors of Failure.
Chen, Z. Comparison of Distal Metatarsal Osteotomy for Mild Bunion Deformity with or without Lateral Soft Tissue Release.
Grecea, B. Protective Weight Bearing of Weber B Ankle Fractures: A Prospective Case Series.
Kumaravel, S, Hsu, J. Effect of tendon gap of acutely ruptured Achilles tendons treated nonoperatively and with early functional rehabilitation.
Ivanova, V. A Retrospective Analysis of Synovial Fluid in Hematogenous Septic Arthritis in the Native Foot and Ankle.

2020

Kim, B. Outcomes of Talar Microfracture Surgery and Predictors of Failure.
Chen, Z. Comparison of Distal Metatarsal Osteotomy for Mild Bunion Deformity with or without Lateral Soft Tissue Release
Yoon, L. Quantifying the Amount of Blood Flow to Heal a Transmetatarsal Amputation

2019

Lin, J, Yoon, L. Quantifying the amount of blood flow needed to heal a transmetatarsal amputation.
Newport, I. Ankle fracture outcomes.
Hsu, J. Fracture incidence in our transgender population.